About António Luís de Seabra, 1st Viscount of Seabra
D. António Luís de Seabra e Sousa, 1st Viscount of Seabra (2 December 1798 – 19 January 1895) was a Portuguese politician, jurist, and magistrate. A notable figure of the Constitutional Monarchy period, he was a government minister, a rector of the University of Coimbra, a judge in the Oporto appellate court, a member of Parliament, a Peer of the Realm, and a judge of the Supreme Court of Justice. The Viscount of Seabra is best known as the author of the first Portuguese Civil Code, in 1867, which remained in force for a full century; the original Code is still generally referred to as "the Seabra Code". == Biography == António Luís de Seabra was born on 2 December 1798, on board the vessel Santa Cruz off the coast of the Portuguese colony of Cape Verde; his parents, António de Seabra da Mota e Silva (1763–1834) and Doroteia Bernardina de Sousa Lobo Barreto (1764–1809), were travelling to Rio de Janeiro as his father had been named ouvidor of Vila do Príncipe in Minas Gerais, State of Brazil. He was baptised on 5 February 1799, in Rio de Janeiro: his godparents were his sister, Josefa Emília de Seabra, and Luís Beltron de Gouveia de Almeida, the chancellor of the city's appellate court. He returned to Portugal for his preparatory studies, after which, in 1815, he enrolled at the University of Coimbra, obtaining his degree in Law in 1820. From his student years, around the time of the Liberal Revolution of 1820, he was politically on the side of the progressive Constitutionalists: when he heard of the Revolution in Oporto, he enthusiastically penned a sonnet (Accordai, cidadãos, que a Pátria geme) that became rather popular in the day. It was also around this time that he founded the monthly political and literary periodical O Cidadão Literato. In August 1821, he was made a juiz de fora in the town of Alfândega da Fé; within that year (on 3 December), he was issued public praise from José da Silva Carvalho, the Minister of Justice, for his services. When the liberal government fell in June 1823, following the royalist Vilafrancada coup, Seabra tendered his resignation.
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