About Nikolai Kardashev
Nikolai Semyonovich Kardashev was a Soviet and Russian astrophysicist best known for the Kardashev scale, which measures a civilization's status in technological evolution based on the amount of energy it is capable of harnessing and using. He was also the deputy director of the Astro Space Center of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He may have predicted the existence of pulsars before they were actually discovered, in his paper ‘Transmission of Information by Extraterrestrial Civilizations'. During the dissolution of the USSR, Nikolai became the director of the Astro Space Center of the Lebedev Physical Institute.
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