About Aimé Césaire
Aimé Fernand David Césaire was an Afro-Martiniquan French poet, author, and politician. He was one of the founders of the Négritude movement in Francophone literature" and coined the word "négritude" in French. He founded the Parti progressiste martiniquais in 1958, and served in the French National Assembly from 1945 to 1993 and as President of the Regional Council of Martinique from 1983 to 1988. He was also the Mayor of Fort-de-France for 56 years, from 1945 to 2001. In Paris, he passed the entrance exam for the École Normale Supérieure in 1935 and created the literary review L'Étudiant noir (The Black Student) with Léopold Sédar Senghor and Léon Damas. In 1934, Césaire was invited by his friend Petar Guberina to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, where in Šibenik he started writing his poem Notebook of a Return to the Native Land – one of the first expressions of the concept of Négritude. Césaire became a teacher at the Lycée Schoelcher in Fort-de-France, where Frantz Fanon was a student.
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